A Case Study on Usage of Actual Soil Condition below Multi-Storied Building under Seismic Loading at Indore City

Abstract

The people try to live in high rise structures due to increase in the demands of high rise structure with architectural impact. Soil profile beneath the structure also plays an important role to make the superstructure along with the sub-structure on its location. A Structure is said to acceptable if it satisfies the design criteria and hold itself in the same location to oppose the lateral forces. To show the importance of the soil below the construction area, soil investigations were carried out at Indore city. Total 11 bore hole database has used in this research. We have analyzed about different bore holes location for efficient building construction and effectiveness of residential apartment. After observing the necessary needs and fixing the objectives, we have created 11 (G+6) models and different cases named as CaseL1 to Case L11. The input parameters of soil profile used in this research is based on a part of Indore city area. After analysis of output parameters, the main points have been noted down the project concluded that efficient location for construction will be Case L with least result parameters under seismic loads.

Introduction

I. INTRODUCTION

There has been significant progress in the construction of high-rise buildings in the last two decades. A significant number of these buildings have been constructed in the central region such Indore, Bhopal etc. and many more are either planned or already under construction. There are several properties of tall buildings that can have a significant impact on the design of the building, including that the weight of the building increases non-linearly as the height increases, and thus the vertical load that can be supported by the foundation can be significant. Parameters vary by location or by different areas of the crust. Soil Bearing Capacity and foundation depth is major concern from them.  So it is required to analysis the buildings structure such that it is satisfy the ground data such, SBC of soil, Depth of foundation, Earthquake zones, wind parameters etc. through it.  The fig 1.1 shown that the super structure rested on the sub structures (foundation and sub soil), so it is necessary to both are taken the load transfer mechanics and with stand against the all the laterals and axial loads. Ground–structure interaction; The effect of a structure consists of the effect between the soil (ground) and the structure built on it. The process by which the influence of soil affects the movement of the structure and the movement of the soil is called soil-structural influence (SSI). The order of the soil is divided from the ground to the ground, and the soil to the point where it meets the main rock. Analytical Approaches for Soil Structure Interaction: Two different approaches i.e. The Direct approach The Substructure approaches have been adopted to analyze the problem of soil-building effects and add the effect of soil suitability to the dynamic analysis. The need for a current scenario is why the behaviour of the soil is being investigated under different loads. New structures are not only in demand but also become the need of hour to fulfil personnel requirement and deeds. To accomplish such kind of needs structural reform has becomes mandatory to comply with safety norms and make possible such kind of structural arrangement. Various structural theories are proposed along with multiple solutions i.e. structural measures are suggested to satisfy this need while maintaining safety of building to resist lateral forces. Successively reviewing various research papers to combat lateral loading spawned by seismic action or wind action for seismic zone III it has been concluded that structural designers have done remarkable work to satisfy mankind necessities by providing some complex but credulous structural systems to ensure structure safety and workability too. Besides several structural arrangements shear wall at core combining to perform as dual system with different grades of concrete in outrigger and wall belt supported system would not be examined so far to optimize the building architecture and configuration against lateral loading. The sole purpose of present research is to investigate the performance of multistory buildings or theme based architecture when subjected to lateral loading generated due to earthquake or wind force and their mitigation strategies to sustain in such kind of delinquent situations. To attain prescribed aim, the optimum case among various cases will be examined as per new codal provisions.

II. OBJECTIVE OF THE WORK

The following objectives are taken in this project

1. To study about soil and its basic parameters with its methods.
2. To Study the various past research based on SSI, theoretical and analytical approach.
3. To modelG+6multi-storeyapartment cases for different bore hole cases.
4. To compare a different models case to find optimized structure.
5. To analyse all the cases by RSA (Response Spectrum Analysis) under dynamic analysis.
6. To assist the different parametric result such as Storey displacement, base shear, overturning moments, storey shears etc. into it.

III. METHODOLOGY AND MODELLING APPROACH

For seismic analysis of multistory building response spectrum method and time history analysis method is recommended for different building configuration as per available input data and requirement of structure. In the present study several frames with variable structural configuration are modeled in Staad pro software and analyzed by Response Spectrum Method as per guidelines given in IS 1893(1):2016 for seismic Zone III. In the current study several models framed with a view of sage of actual soil condition below Multi-storeyed Building under seismic loading of Indore city; analyzed against various seismic parameters to obtain optimum result.

Table 1: Description of parameters taken for analysis

IV. TYPES OF MODELS USED FOR ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURE

There are different cases considered for different storied building of different building height, so that response of the seismic behavior of the structure can be predicted. Different models are shown in table 3.2 below:-

Table 2: List of models framed with assigned abbreviation

A. Details of the Models

Fig. 1 to Fig. 7 showed the details of all model cases.

V. RESULT PARAMETERS TAKEN

Based on the various model cases (model 1 to 11) the following results are taken in the account to find out the effective model approach. The results are as follows:

A. Parameter 1: Maximum Displacement

Table 3: Max. Displacement Residential Apartment (G+6) with all Bore Hole Values

B. Parameter 2: Base Shear

Table 4: Base Shear for all for Residential Apartment (G+6) with all Bore Hole Values

C. Parameter 3: Maximum Axial Forces in Colum

Table 5: Max. Axial Forces in Column for all for Residential Apartment (G+6) with all Bore Hole Values

D. Parameter 4: Maximum Torsional Moments in Beam

Table 6: Maximum Torsional Moments in Beam for Residential Apartment (G+6) with all Bore Hole Values

E. Parameter 5: Maximum Torsional Moments in Columns

Table 7: Maximum Torsional Moments in Columns for all for Residential Apartment (G+6) with all Bore Hole Values

VI. FUTURE SCOPE

The following future worked as carried out to get the knowledge of different soil conditions to find deeper concept and new considerable idea through it. These are as follows:-

1. Locations based assessment of the structure to get optimizes location for earthquake resisting building.
2. Use of different types of structural form such steel, bundled tube, bracing etc and comparisons between them.
3. Dimensional analysis: variations in the depth, size of the belt truss and wall.
4. Earthquake approach comparison such as RSA & THA.
5. Dynamic wind analysis such as CFD analysis or wind tunnel.
6. Different software such as midas, sofistik etc. in new upcoming era.
7. Outputs based on the different grades of concrete and steel Rebar.

VII. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I extend my deepest gratitude to Mr. Mr. Arvind Vishwakarma, Assistant Professor & M. Tech Coordinator, Department of Civil Engineering, Oriental University, Indore, (M.P.), for providing all the required data’s related to the project, learning of software tools and guidance to do successful completion of this work.

Conclusion

We have analyzed about different bore holes location for efficient building construction and effectiveness of residential apartment. After observing the necessary needs and fixing the objectives, we have created 11 (G+6) models in Staad pro software. The input parameters of soil profile used in this research is based on a part of Indore city area. After analysis of output parameters, the main points have been noted down and provided in conclusion part. On the basis of above parameters following results are obtained from this comparative study. 1) On comparing it has been concluded that the maximum displacement in X direction obtained with a minimum value respectively for Case L3 again maximum displacement in Z direction obtained for case ST2 with a minimum value. 2) As per comparative results, Case L3 for base shear forces in X direction and Z direction shows minimum values respectively with efficient among all cases. 3) As per comparative results in Axial Force, Case L3 is very effective than other cases. 4) On analyzing the Torsional Moment in beams other than Regular building, Case L3 is very efficient where torsion in column provides the same results. Comparing all the cases Case L3 is the best case among all cases. As we have studied in this research and also which has shown in the above results that Case L3 is the best suited case and efficient with respect to location of construction, hence one should kept in mind before the same and use the soil investigation report if possible.

References

[1] Michael P. Crisp, Mark Jaksa & et.al. (2020) “Optimal Testing Locations in Geotechnical Site Investigations” Geosciences, MDPI, Pp 1-18. [2] Ibrahim Oz, Sevket Murat Senel & et. al. (2020) “Effect of Soil-Structure Interaction on the Seismic Response of Existing Low and Mid-Rise RC Buildings” Appiled Science, MDPI, Pp 2-21, doi:10.3390/app10238357 [3] Mansi Jajoriya, Arvind Vishwakarma & et. al. (2020) “Assessment on Different Arrangement of Grouping of Piles by Response Spectrum Method” Journal of Xi\'an University of Architecture & Technology Volume XII, Issue V, 2020 ISSN No: 1006-7930, pp 469-480. [4] Mansi Jajoriya, Arvind Vishwakarma & et. al. (2020) “A Review: Earthquake Analysis of Pile Group with Different Variations in Dimensions & Parameters” International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET) ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.429 Volume 8 Issue V, Pp 2639-2642. [5] S. Amaresh Babu, Ahmed Zubedi (2019) “Study on Soil Structure Interaction and Base Isolated System for Seismic Performance of Structures Resting on Different Types of Soils” International Journal of Engineering Development and Research (IJEDR), Volume 7, Issue 4, ISSN: 2321 -9939 Paper- IJEDR1904104, Pp 618-627. [6] Runbahadur Singh, Oshin Victor &et. al. (2019) “Seismic analysis of buildings on different types of soil with and without shear wall: A review” International Conference on Sustainable Materials and Structures for Civil Infrastructures (SMSCI2019), AIP Conf. Proc. 2158, Pp 020007-1–020007-5, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5127131 [7] S. M. Hussain, S. K. Tengli (2018) “Study on Torsional Effects of Irregular Buildings Under Seismic Loads” International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973 -4562, Volume 13, Number 7, Pp 55-60 [8] D. V. Karandikar (2018) “Challenges to Quality Control in Bored Cast-In-Situ Piling in Growing Urban Environment” Indian Geotech Journal, 48(2): Pp 360–376 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40098-017-0277-z [9] Nawaraj Kapil, Karthik N.M &et. al. (2016) “Case Study on a Structural Building Subjected to Earthquake Forces Considering Soil Structure Interaction” International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication, ISSN: 2321 -8169 Volume: 4 Issue: 5, Pp 234 – 237 [10] Ghalimath A.G, More Sheetal. A &et. al. (2015) “Analytical Approaches for Soil Structure Interaction” International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 02 Issue: 05, p-ISSN: 2395-0072 , Pp 595-600. [11] S. K. K. Chhetr, K. B. Thapa (2015) “Soil Structure Interaction and Seismic Design Code Provision” Proceedings of IOE Graduate Conference, Pp. 75–87 [12] B. R. Jayalekshmi, H. K. Chinmay (2014) “Effect of Soil Flexibility on Seismic Force E valuation of RC Framed Buildings with Shear Wall: A Comparative Study of IS 1893 and E UROCODE8.” Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Structures, Volume 2014, Article ID 493745, Pp1-15, http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/493745, [13] S. E. A. Raheem, M. M. Ahmed &et. al. (2014) “Soil-Structure Interaction Effects on Seismic Response of Multi-Story Buildings on Raft Foundation” Journal of Engineering Sciences, Assiut University Faculty of Engineering Vol. 42 No. 4, Pp 905-930 [14] H. Matinmanesha, M. SalehAsheghabadi (2011) “Seismic Analysis on Soil-Structure Interaction of Buildings over Sandy Soil” The Twelfth East Asia-Pacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction. Procedia Engineering, 1737–1743, 1877–7058, doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2011.07.218 [15] Pradip Sarkar, Biju Kumar Patir&et. al. (2004) “Survey And Assessment of Seismic Safety of Multi-storeyed Buildings In Guwahati, India” 3th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering Vancouver, B.C., Canada, Pp 1212 [16] S. C. Handa, Swami Saran, &et. al. (1984) “Geotechnical Investigations for Foundation Design for Multi- storied Building” International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology Scholars\' Mine , pp 1167-1172., http://ICCHGE1984-2013.

Copyright

Copyright © 2022 Mr. Raghavendra Bhorhari, Mr. Arvind Vishwakarma. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.